does not belong to

cĭter, tra, trum ( comp. citerior; sup. citimus; most freq. in comp.; in posit. only Cato ap. Prisc. pp. 589 and 999 P.; and Afran. ap. Prisc. p. 607 ib.), adj. [cis].

On this side:

citer agnus (ager) alligatus ad sacra erit, Cato ap. Prisc. pp. 599 and 989 P.: alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:

citerior provincia (i. e. Gallia Cisalpina),

Caes. B. G. 1, 10:

in Galliā citeriore,

id. ib. 1, 24; Hirt. B. G. 8, 23; Suet. Caes. 56:

citerior Hispania,

Varr. R. R. 1, 57, 2; Cic. Att. 12, 37, 4; Nep. Cat. 2, 1; Plin. 3, 1, 2, § 6:

Arabia,

Plin. 6, 34, 39, § 213:

Oceanus,

Flor. 4, 12, 46:

ripa,

Vell. 2, 107, 1.—

As that which is on this side is nearer to us than its opposite, lying near, near, close to.

In space:

(stella) ultima a caelo, citima terris,

Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16; id. Univ. 7 fin.:

citima Persidis (sc. loca),

Plin. 6, 34, 39, § 213. —

Trop.:

deduc orationem tuam de caelo ad haec citeriora,

Cic. Rep. 1, 21, 34:

quantā animi tranquillitate humana et citeriora considerat,

id. Tusc. 5, 25, 71:

ut ad haec citeriora veniam et notiora nobis,

id. Leg. 3, 2, 4:

nam citeriora nondum audiebamus,

id. Fam. 2, 12, 1; Val. Max. 3, 8, 1; 9, 12, 6:

citerioris vitae minister,

private, domestic, Amm. 14, 1, 7.—

In time (post-Aug.), earlier, sooner:

Africano consulatus citerior legitimo tempore datus est,

Val. Max. 8, 15, 1; 6, 3, 11:

in antiquius citeriusve,

Vell. 1, 17, 2:

citeriore die (opp. longiore),

Dig. 23, 4, 15.—

In measure or degree, small, little:

citerior tamen est poena quam scelus,

Quint. Decl. 299; Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 10.— Advv.: comp. cĭtĕrĭus, less:

citerius debito resistere,

Sen. Ira, 1, 16, 11; sup. cĭtĭmē, least, acc. to Prisc. p. 1016 P.—

Hence,

cī̆trā, adv. and prep. with acc., on this side, on the hither or nearer side (opp. to ultra; more freq. than cis, q. v.).

Prop.

Adv.:

(dextera) nec citra mota nec ultra,

neither this way nor that, Ov. M. 5, 186; cf.:

ultra citraque pervolare,

Plin. 10, 23, 31, § 61:

citra est Oglasa,

id. 3, 6, 12, § 80; 6, 11, 12, § 30:

citra fuere margines,

id. 2, 17, 14, § 73.—

With acc.:

Germani qui essent citra Rhenum,

Caes. B. G. 6, 32:

is locus est citra Leucadem stadia CXX.,

Cic. Fam. 16, 2; so,

citra Veliam,

id. Att. 16, 7, 5:

citra mare,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 47:

mare citra,

id. ib. 1, 10, 31:

citra flumen intercepti,

Liv. 21, 48, 6:

citra Tauri juga,

id. 38, 48, 1 al. —

With verbs of motion: ut exercitum citra flumen Rubiconem educeret,

Cic. Phil. 6, 3, 5:

ut omnes citra flumen eliceret,

Caes. B. G. 6, 8; Liv. 21, 54, 4; Hor. S. 1, 1, 106.—

(Acc. to citer, II.) Of that which takes [p. 345] place, or is within a fixed boundary, and yet does not reach that boundary, within, beneath, short of, less than.

Adv.:

non erit necesse id usque a capite arcessere: saepe etiam citra licet,

not so far, Cic. Top. 9, 39:

paucis citra milibus lignatores ei occurrunt,

Liv. 10, 25, 4:

citra quam proxime fuerint (defectus lunae),

Plin. 2, 13, 10, § 86:

citra exsultare,

id. 17, 22, 35, § 180: tela citra cadebant (i. e. did not reach the Romans), Tac. H. 3, 23.—

With acc.:

nec a postremā syllabā citra tertiam,

before the third syllable, Cic. Or. 18, 58 (cf. Quint. 1, 5, 30: acuta intra numerum trium syllabarum continetur); id. 8, 6, 76:

cur Veneris stella numquam longius XLVI. portibus ab sole... abscedant, saepe citra eas ad solem reciprocent,

Plin. 2, 17, 14, § 72; 2, 17, 15, § 77.—

Trop.

Adv. of measure:

neve domi praesume dapes et desine citra Quam capias paulo,

Ov. A. A. 3, 757; cf.:

culta citra quam debuit illa,

id. P. 1, 7, 55.—

With acc.: pronepos ego regis aquarum;

Nec virtus citra genus est,

is not behind my family, Ov. M. 10, 607:

glans cum citra satietatem data est,

not to satiety, Col. 7, 6, 5; cf. id. 9, 13, 2; so,

fatigationem,

Cels. 1, 2; cf. Plin. 19, 8, 54, § 171:

scelus,

Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 23:

citra necem tua constitit ira,

id. ib. 2, 127:

usus citra intellectum acrimoniae,

Plin. 19, 8, 54, § 171. —

In time (with acc. rare;

perh. not anteAug.): citra Kalendas Octobris,

Col. 2, 8, 3; cf. Gell. 12, 13:

Trojana tempora,

Ov. M. 8, 365:

juventam,

id. ib. 10, 84:

temporis finem,

Dig. 49, 16, 15.—

Since the Aug. per. (most freq. in Quint. and Pliny the elder; in the former more than twenty times), in gen. of that which does not belong to, is without, or beyond something, without, aside from, apart from, except, without regard to, setting aside (for the class. sine, praeter; hence the Gloss.: aneu sine, absque, praeter, citra, Gloss. Cyr.; citra dicha, chôris, ektos, Gloss. Phil.); with acc.:

citra hoc experimentum multa sunt, quae, etc.,

Col. 2, 2, 20:

plus usus sine doctrinā, quam citra usum doctrina valet,

Quint. 12, 6, 4:

Phidias in ebore longe citra aemulum,

id. 12, 10, 9:

vir bonus citra virtutem intellegi non potest,

id. 12, 2, 1; so,

accusationem,

id. 7, 2, 26; 3, 8, 21; 7, 10, 3:

tranare aquas citra docentem natura ipsa sciunt,

id. 2, 16, 13:

citra invidiam,

Plin. 7, 29, 30, § 108:

citra ullum aliud incommodum,

id. 2, 51, 52, § 137:

citra dolorem,

id. 12, 17, 40, § 79; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 4:

morsum,

Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136:

vulnus,

id. 20, 21, 84, § 225 al.:

citra fidem,

Tac. Agr. 1:

citra speciem aut delectationem,

id. G. 16:

citra Senatūs populique auctoritatem,

Suet. Caes. 28:

commoda emeritorum,

id. Aug. 24:

spem omnium fortuna cessit,

Flor. 3, 1, 2:

etiam citra spectaculorum dies,

i.e. even out of the time of the established spectacles, Suet. Aug. 43:

citra magnitudinem prope Ponto similis,

excepting its size, Mel. 1, 19, 17; Tac. Agr. 10; Quint. 2, 4, 22; so id. 7, 2, 13; Dig. 3, 6, 9: lana tincta fuco citra purpuras placet, Ov. Fragm. ap. Quint. 12, 10, 75.—Citra sometimes follows its case, Hor. S. 1, 1, 107; 1, 10, 31.—

cī̆trō, adv. (orig. dat. sing.), always in the connection and position ultro citroque, ultro et citro, ultro ac citro, or without copula ultro citro (not ultroque citroque), hither and thither, this way and that, here and there, to and fro, from both sides, backwards and forwards, reciprocally; Fr. par ci par là, ça et là (in good prose):

ultro ac citro commeare,

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 16:

sursum deorsum, ultro citro commeantibus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 84: ultro citroque commeare, Auct. B. Afr. 20; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 104; * Suet. Calig. 19; Lucr. 4, 32:

qui ultro citroque navigarent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 170:

cursare ultro et citro,

id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60 (in Prisc. p. 1011 P., perh. only from memory written ultro citroque):

bis ultro citroque transcurrerunt,

Liv. 40, 40, 7 al.:

cum saepe ultro citroque legati inter eos mitterentur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 42; id. B. C. 1, 20; Liv. 5, 8, 6:

multis verbis ultro citroque habitis,

Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9; cf. Liv. 9, 45, 2; 7, 9, 2:

beneficiis ultro citro datis acceptisque,

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:

ut obsides ultro citroque darentur,

Liv. 44, 23, 2:

datā ultro citroque fide,

id. 29, 23, 5:

inplicati ultro et citro vel usu diuturno vel etiam officiis,

Cic. Lael. 22, 85 Klotz N. cr.: alternatis ultro citro aestibus, Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 29:

ultro citroque versus,

Amm. 30, 3, 5.

certus, a, um [orig. P. a. from cerno; hence], adj., determined, resolved, fixed, settled, purposed: non dubius.

(Acc. to cerno, II. D.) Certum est (mihi), it is determined, it is my ( thy, his, etc.) decision, resolution, will, I am resolved, I mean, etc. (mostly ante-class.; most freq. in Plaut.); with inf.: quorum virtuti belli Fortuna pepercit, Eorundem me libertati parcere certum est, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 206 Vahl.):

certum'st hominem eludere,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 109:

tibi credere,

id. Aul. 4, 9, 7; cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 32; id. Curc. 2, 1, 1; id. Cas. 2, 4, 15; id. Cist. 3, 1, 16; id. Ep. 5, 1, 57; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 37; id. Most. 1, 3, 80; id. Men. 5, 6, 12; id. Mil. 2, 3, 32; id. Merc. 3, 1, 7; id. Ps. 1, 5, 138; id. Poen. 5, 5, 25; id. Pers. 2, 2, 39; id. Rud. 3, 3, 22; id. Stich. 5, 4, 2; id. Trin. 2, 1, 34; id. Truc. 2, 6, 68; Ter. And. 2, 1, 11; id. Eun. 1, 2, 108: certum est deliberatumque, quae ad causam pertinere arbitror, omnia dicere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:

certum atque decretum est non dare signum,

Liv. 2, 45, 13:

certum est igni circumdare muros,

Verg. A. 9, 153.—Certum'st mihi with inf., Plaut. As. 1, 3, 94; 3, 3, 23; id. Cas. 1, 1, 3; id. Mil. 3, 1, 154; id. Ps. 4, 8, 2; Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144; Liv. 35, 46, 13; Ov. M. 9, 53 al.—Without inf., esp. parenthet., with expression of purpose by a fut. tense:

certum est, malam rem potius quaeram cum lucro,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 15:

certum est, jam dicam patri,

id. Bacch. 3, 1, 15:

certum est, ibo ad medicum,

id. Merc. 2, 4, 4: An. Certumn' est tibi? Ly. Certum, id. Poen. 2, 48; cf. id. Stich. 4, 2, 33.—With pron. or subst.: Ar. Certumne'st tibi istuc? He. Non moriri certius, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 74;

so further with istuc,

id. ib. 2, 1, 20; Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 30:

mihi autem abjurare certius est quam dependere,

Cic. Att. 1, 8, 3:

ad eum senem oppugnare certum est consilium,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 60:

quae nunc sunt certa ei consilia, etc.,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 16:

certa res hanc est objurgare,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 73; so id. Merc. 5, 2, 16; id. Mil. 2, 4, 45; Ter. And. 2, 2, 31; Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 16.—

(From the time of the Aug. poets.) Transf. to the person who is determined upon something, determined, resolved, bent.

With inf.:

certa mori,

Verg. A. 4, 564 (cf. id. ib. 4, 475:

decrevitque mori): certi non cedere,

Ov. M. 9, 43:

certa sequi,

Val. Fl. 5, 47.—

With gen. (cf. Ramsh. Gr. p. 323; Zumpt, Gr. § 437, n. 1;

A. and S. § 213, R. 1): certus eundi,

Verg. A. 4, 554; Ov. M. 11, 440:

desciscendi,

Tac. H. 4, 14:

relinquendae vitae,

id. A. 4, 34:

necis,

Sil. 6, 27:

fugae,

Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 12:

destinationis,

Tac. A. 12, 32:

sceleris,

id. ib. 12, 66:

consilii,

id. H. 2, 46.—

With an:

nec sat certa an cederet armis,

Sil. 9, 480.—

An epithet of all those objects whose existence or reality is fixed, determined (hence in connection with definitus, Quint. 7, 10, 7;

with praefinitus,

Suet. Galb. 14), or in respect to which there can be no doubt (hence opp. dubius, Quint. 7, 6, 3; 5, 12, 3; 12, 3, 6 al.).

Object.

Of things whose external qualities, number, etc., are invariable, established, settled, fixed, particular, specified, etc. (class.):

Arboribus primum certis gravis umbra tributa,

Lucr. 6, 783:

fruges, bacae,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

jam ad certas res conficiendas certos homines delectos ac descriptos habebat,

id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

concilium in diem certam indicere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 30 fin.;

so with dies,

a fixed term, Cato, R. R. 149, 1; Cic. Att. 6, 2, 9; Nep. Chabr. 3, 1; Liv. 1, 50, 1; Tac. G. 9 al.; cf.:

certis diebus,

Verg. G. 2, 329:

quaerere ab judicibus cur in certa verba jurent, cur certo tempore conveniant, certo discedant,

Cic. Inv. 2, 45, 132; cf. Suet. Aug. 41:

certum praefinitumque tempus,

id. Galb. 14; and:

certum statumque vectigal,

id. Calig. 40:

pecunia (opp. arbitraria), v. arbitrarius: finis aerumnarum,

Lucr. 1, 108; cf. id. 2, 512; 8, 1091; Hor. S. 1, 1, 106; id. Ep. 1, 2, 56:

locus,

Caes. B. G. 5, 1, 6:

numerus,

id. ib. 7, 75:

signum,

fixed, agreed upon, id. B. C. 1, 27:

naves,

fixed in number and quality, id. ib. 1, 56:

pecuniae imperabantur,

id. ib. 3, 32 fin.:

conviva,

i. e. a daily, constant guest, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 75 Schmid:

ecquem tu illo certiorem nebulonem,

Cic. Att. 15, 21, 2.—

But sometimes indef., like quidam, and our certain, of things, the certainty of whose existence is given, but whose nature is not more definitely designated, or comes not into consideration (cf. aliquis):

Cephaloedi mensis est certus, quo mense sacerdotem maximum creari oporteat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 128:

habet certos sui studiosos,

id. Brut. 16, 64:

(hunc) certis rebus imperatis regnare jussit,

id. Sest. 27, 58:

certi homines ad eam rem periti,

id. ib. 18, 41:

res a certis hominibus corrupta,

id. Fam. 1, 2, 3; 4, 9, 2; 16, 11, 2; id. Marcell. 6, 16; id. Deiot. 4, 11; Liv. 34, 61, 7.—Hence in Quint. several times in connection with quidam and aliquis:

ad certas quasdam dicendi leges alligati,

Quint. 8, prooem. § 2; so id. 8, prooem. § 12; 4, 2, 28; 5, 10, 2; 5, 10, 5; 9, 4, 8;

11, 2, 28: aliquos compositionis certos pedes,

id. 10, 2, 13; so id. 7, prooem. § 4; and subst.:

in his certos aliquos docebit,

id. 2, 8, 13.—

Trop., of things whose internal moral qualities are established, fixed, can be relied upon, sure, unerring, to be depended upon, true, faithful, [p. 321] etc. (so most freq. in all periods and species of composition; syn.: firmus, confirmatus, exploratus, indubitatus, manifestus al.).

Of persons: amicus certus in re incertā cernitur, Enn. ap. Cic. Lael. 17, 64; cf.:

tu ex amicis certis mi es certissimus,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 57:

certi homines, quibus dem litteras,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 1; cf. id. Cat. 3, 7, 16; Nep. Paus. 2, 4; id. Alcib. 10, 1; Cic. Rosc. Am. 19, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 64, § 156:

certus enim promisit Apollo, etc.,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 28:

auctor (mortis),

Quint. 6, 3, 68; cf. Suet. Tib. 5:

adversus hostem nec spe nec animo certiorem, i. e. firmiorem,

Liv. 10, 35, 17: apud latera certos collocaverat, Sall. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 576 (H. 1, 53 Dietsch); cf. Nep. Dion, 9, 2:

per litora certos dimittam,

Verg. A. 1, 576:

certissimus auctor (Phoebus),

id. G. 1, 432.—

Of things:

satis animo certo et confirmato,

Cic. Quint. 24, 77; cf.

pectora,

Verg. A. 9, 249, and certior indoles, Suet. Ner. 10:

promissa,

Cic. Fam. 6, 12, 1:

parata dicendi copia et certa,

Quint. 10, 6, 6; id. 6, prooem. §

9: jus,

id. 12, 3, 6 et saep.:

jactus (telorum),

Tac. A. 14, 37; cf.

in this sense certa hasta,

Verg. A. 11, 767:

sagitta,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 23:

fides segetis,

id. ib. 3, 16, 30:

spes,

id. C. S. 74:

trames,

id. S. 2, 3, 49:

lar,

id. Ep. 1, 7, 58 al.:

plana et certa,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 1:

certa et clara,

Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 1 Ruhnk.; so Liv. 22, 39, 22; cf. Hor. S. 2, 6, 27.—Subst., with gen.:

certa maris,

Tac. H. 4, 81.—

Subject., of that which is established by evidence, etc., placed beyond doubt, certain, sure, true, proved, established (class.; esp. freq. in neutr.):

cum ad has suspitiones certissimae res accederent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 5, 29:

incerta pro certis malebant,

Sall. C. 17, 6; cf.:

incerta pro certis mutare,

id. J. 83, 1:

postremo certior res,

Liv. 29, 6, 12:

certiora esse dicunt quam, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 3, 5, 13; id. Att. 3, 11, 2; Liv. 10, 35, 12: So. Satin hoc certum'st? Ge. Certum:

hisce oculis egomet vidi,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 31:

jam satis certumst virginem vitiatam esse?

id. Enn. 4, 4, 36:

cum certius tibi sit me esse Romae quam mihi te Athenis,

Cic. Att. 1, 9, 1:

id parum certum est,

Liv. 5, 35, 3:

cum de altero intellectu certum est, de altero dubium,

Quint. 7, 6, 3; cf. id. 7, 3, 4: non certum traditur, with interrog.-clause, Liv. 2, 8, 8:

nec quicquam certi respondes mihi?

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 84:

neque tanto spatio certi quid esset explorari poterat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 45:

certum inveniri non potest ne... an,

id. B. C. 1, 25:

si quicquam humanorum certi est,

Liv. 5, 33, 1: Ph. Civemne? Th. Arbitror:

Certum non scimus,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 31; cf. id. Phorm. 1, 2, 98; Cic. Att. 12, 23, 2.—So, certum scire, to know for a certainty, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 12; id. Hec. 3, 1, 44; Cic. Fam. 9, 23 init.:

certum habere,

to reckon certain, id. Att. 1, 13, 1; Liv. 36, 28, 4; 5, 3, 2; Quint. 2, 3, 9; Col. 2, 22, 5 al.:

certum respondeo,

Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92:

cognoscere, Auct. B. Alex. 53: comperire, Auct. B. Hisp. 22.—So also pro certo habere,

Cic. Att. 10, 6, 3; Matius ap. Cic. Att. 9, 15, A med.; Sall. C. 52, 17; Suet. Dom. 23:

negare,

Cic. Att. 5, 21, 5:

polliceri,

id. Agr. 2, 37, 102:

dicere aliquid,

id. Brut. 3, 10:

ponere,

Liv. 23, 6, 8:

scire,

id. 25, 10, 1:

affirmare,

id. 27, 1, 13; 3, 23, 7; cf. id. 1, 3, 2 Drak.:

creditur,

Sall. C. 15, 2:

coeperit esse,

Quint. 5, 12, 2:

certius cognoscere ex aliquo de aliquā re,

Caes. B. G. 5, 52, 5.—Strengthened by comp.:

quin nihil invenies magis hoc certo certius,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 111; cf.:

et hoc certo certius est et saepissime constitutum,

Dig. 42, 8, 10, § 14:

certo certius,

Ambros. in Ephes. 5; Paul. Vit. St. Ambros. 25; App. M. 9, p. 237, 27.—In Plaut. certum or certius facere alicui, to give certainty to one concerning any thing, make him certain, Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 17; 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 2, 2, 4.—

Transf. to the person who is made certain in reference to a thing, certain, sure:

certi sumus periisse omnia,

Cic. Att. 2, 19, 5:

num quid nunc es certior?

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 191:

posteritatis,

i. e. of posthumous fame, Plin. Ep. 9, 3, 1:

sententiae,

Quint. 4, 3, 8:

judicii,

Sen. Ep. 45, 9:

certus de suā geniturā,

Suet. Vesp. 25:

damnationis,

id. Tib. 61:

exitii,

Tac. A. 1, 27:

spei,

id. H. 4, 3:

matrimonii,

id. A. 12, 3:

certi sumus, etc.,

Gell. 18, 10, 5.—In class. prose mostly in the phrase certiorem facere aliquem (de aliquā re, alicujus rei, with a foll, acc. and inf., with a rel.-clause or absol.), to inform, apprise one of a thing:

me certiorem face,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 69:

ut nos facias certiores,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 32:

uti se (sc. Caesarem) de his rebus certiorem faciant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 2:

qui certiorem me sui consilii fecit,

Cic. Att. 9, 2, a, 2:

Caesarem certiorem faciunt, sese non facile ab oppidis vim hostium prohibere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 11:

faciam te certiorem quid egerim,

Cic. Att. 3, 11, 1.— With subj. only:

milites certiores facit, paulisper intermitterent proelium,

Caes. B. G. 3, 5 fin. — Pass.:

quod crebro certior per me fias de omnibus rebus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 1; so Caes. B. G. 1, 7; Sall. J. 104, 1:

Caesar certior factus est, tres jam copiarum partes Helvetios id flumen transduxisse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 12; so id. ib. 1, 21; 1, 41; 2, 1; Sall. J. 82, 2; Nep. Att. 12, 3:

factus certior, quae res gererentur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 15:

non consulibus certioribus factis,

Liv. 45, 21, 4.—Also in posit., though rarely:

fac me certum quid tibi est,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 16; 4, 6, 35; Verg. A. 3, 179:

lacrimae suorum Tam subitae matrem certam fecere ruinae,

Ov. M. 6, 268.— Hence, adv. in two forms.

certō, with certainty, certainly, surely, of a truth, in fact, really, object. and subject. (cf. supra, II. A. and B.); only in the comic poets, and sometimes (most. freq. in his epistt.) in Cic., while the adverbial form certe belongs to all periods and all species of composition. The difference between them is, perhaps, merely historical; but v. infra, certe, B. I. 2. init.

Object.:

perii certo, haud arbitrario,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 42; cf. id. Merc. 2, 3, 106:

mihi certo nomen Sosia'st,

id. Am. 1, 1, 176; id. Men. 2, 2, 39; Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 12:

nihil ita exspectare quasi certo futurum,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 81 (cf. the passage cited under certo, I. 1., from id. Div. 2, 7, 18).—

In affirm. answers: Me. Liberum ego te jussi abire? Mes. Certo, yes, certainly, Plaut. Men. 5, 8, 9; so id. ib. 5, 9, 50; 2, 3, 38; id. Poen. 5, 5, 21; Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 9.—

Subject.

In gen. (very rare):

certo enim ego vocem hic loquentis modo mi audire visus sum,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 5, 4:

ego rus abituram me esse certo decrevi,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 10: Th. Quid aīs? Py. Atqui certo comperi, id. Eun. 5, 1, 9.—

Esp. in the formula of asseveration, certo scio, I certainly know, I am fully persuaded, beyond all doubt (class.):

certo edepol scio, me vidisse, etc.,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 2; id. Truc. 1, 1, 49; Ter. And. 5, 4, 26; id. Ad. 4, 5, 14; id. Eun. 1, 2, 119; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 19:

quod te moleste ferre certo scio,

Cic. Att. 1, 12, 3; 2, 23, 2; id. Fam. 4, 13, 6; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; id. Rosc. Am. 8, 21; id. Phil. 3, 6, 17; id. Sen. 1, 1; 1, 2; Sall. J. 9, 2; id. C. 51, 16:

veniunt in mentem mihi permulta: vobis plura, certo scio,

Cic. Caecin. 19, 55 (cf. under certe, I. 2.).—

certē (class.; cf. supra, certo init.).

Affirming strongly, with certainty, certainly, undoubtedly, assuredly, surely, really.

Object.:

certe edepol, tu me alienabis,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 243:

ego quidem ab hoc certe exorabo,

id. Bacch. 5, 2, 58:

certe hercle,

id. As. 2, 1, 15; cf. Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 8; Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 71; Ter. And. 2, 2, 10:

quom is certe Renuntiarit,

id. Heaut. 4, 4, 4:

certe captus est!

id. And. 1, 1, 55:

certe ut videamur cernere eum,

Lucr. 4, 760:

si enim scit, certe illud eveniet: sin certe eveniet, nulla fortuna est,

Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18; cf. id. N. D. 1, 2, 5:

fuit certe id aequum et certe exspectatum est, etc.,

id. Planc. 16, 38:

ea certe vera sunt,

id. Mil. 35, 96:

M. Catoni certe licuit, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

jam illa perfugia certe minime sunt audienda,

id. ib. 1, 5, 9:

cum se certe decessurum videret,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 104; Cat. 62, 8:

certe hinc Romanos olim fore ductores pollicitus,

Verg. A. 1, 234:

o dea certe,

a goddess surely, id. ib. 1, 328:

postremo expellet certe vivacior heres,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 132:

placuit tibi, Delphice, certe, Dum, etc.,

Ov. M. 2, 543 al. — Comp.:

speculatores mittere, qui certius explorata referant,

Liv. 3, 40, 13; 35, 48, 3:

si reperire vocas amittere certius,

Ov. M. 5, 519; App. M. 2, p. 118, 1.— Sup., Tert. Pall. 4.—

In an answer of affirmation:

estne ipsus an non est! Is est, Certe is est, is est profecto,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 65; so Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 53; Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 9; id. Clu. 54, 149; id. Phil. 1, 15, 37; id. Ac. 2, 35, 113; and in confirmation of a preceding fact: venerat, ut opinor, haec res in judicium. Certe, certainly, surely, Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 42; id. Fam. 4, 2, 5; id. Or. 42, 144; cf. id. Off. 3, 29, 105; id. Fin. 2, 27, 91.—

Subject., mostly in the phrase certe scio, I know to a certainty, I am sure (acc. to Klotz ad Cic. Sen. 1, 2, certe scio = certum est me scire, I am fully convinced: certo scio = certum est quod scio, my knowledge is accurate, etc.):

certe edepol scio, si aliud quicquam est quod credam aut certo sciam, etc.,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 115:

edepol certo scio,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 20:

scelestiorem me hac anu certe scio Vidisse numquam,

id. Aul. 1, 1, 21; cf. Cic. Arch. 12, 32:

ex litteris certe scire potuistis,

id. Font. 4, 8; id. Phil. 12, 12, 29:

quod iste certe statuerat ac deliberaverat non adesse,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1.—

In affirm. answers: Ar. Ain' vero? Le. Certe, inquam, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 132: Ch. Ain'tu? So. Certe, sic erit, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 12.—

In a subjective supposition or presumption that a thing is so, certainly, surely, assuredly, doubtless, of course; Gr. isôs:

ah nugas agis, Certe habes,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 25; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 58:

si me tanti facis, quanti certe facis,

Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 3; 7, 8, 1; cf. Verg. A. 1, 234; Ov. M. 2, 423; Prop. 2, 7, 1. —

In interrog., Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 3; Suet. Aug. 33.—

Affirming with restriction, yet surely, yet indeed, at least, notwithstanding (very freq. in prose and poetry, esp. after the class. per.).

Alone:

si non ipsā re tibi istuc dolet, Simulare certe est hominis,

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 16:

cingitur, certe expedit se,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 152:

ut homines mortem vel optare incipiant, vel certe timere desistant,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117:

haec... sint falsa sane, invidiosa certe non sunt,

id. Ac. 2, 32, 105:

qui... ut non referat pedem, sistet certe,

id. Phil. 12, 4, 8:

res fortasse verae, certe graves,

id. Fin. 4, 3, 7; cf. Liv. 9, 11, 13:

consulatum unum certe plebis Romanae esse,

id. 22, 34, 11:

quos quoniam caeli nondum dignamur honore, Quas dedimus certe terras habitare sinamus,

Ov. M. 1, 195 et saep.:

quo quid sit beatius, mihi certe in mentem venire non potest,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 81; so,

ego certe,

Quint. 8, 3, 65; 9, 4, 57:

certe ego,

Sall. J. 31, 5; Ov. H. 19, 81; id. M. 13, 840; id. Tr. 4, 5, 13:

mihi certe,

Quint. 10, 3, 23:

ipse certe,

id. 8, 6, 30; Curt. 7, 4, 19; 7, 6, 22.—

With other particles.

With tamen:

illud certe tamen, quod jam amplexi sumus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 22; id. Sen. 23, 84.—

With at: quod (consilium) si non fuerit prudens, at certe ab optima fide proficiscetur, Balb. et opp. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A, 1; Ov. F. 3, 351; cf. at II. 3.—

With sed: non integrā re, sed certe minus infractā, quam, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10, 8; cf. Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 56 dub. B. and K. —

With quidem:

ubi sit animus, certe quidem in te est,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70:

quoniam volumus quidem certe senes fieri,

id. Sen. 2, 6; id. Quint. 15, 50:

certe quidem vos estis Romani, etc.,

Liv. 45, 22, 5. (But quidem does not belong with certe in such passages as the foll.:

hic quidem certe memorat, etc.,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 261 al.; v. quidem; cf. also aut and vel.)

ar-rŏgo ( adr-, Fleck., B. and K., Dietsch, Halm, Weissenb.; arr-, Holder, Dinter; Keller uses both forms), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.

Jurid. and polit. t. t.

To ask or inquire of one, to question: Venus haec volo adroget te, * Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 45; cf. Dig. 1, 7, 2.—

Alicui, t. t., to add one officer to another, to associate with, place by the side of:

cui consuli dictatorem adrogari haud satis decorum visum est patribus,

Liv. 7, 25, 11.—

To take a homo sui juris in the place of a child, to adopt (v. arrogatio), Gell. 5, 19, 4; cf. Dig. 1, 7, 1; 1, 7, 2; 1, 7, 22 al.—Hence,

Transf.

To appropriate that which does not belong to one, to claim as one's own, to arrogate to one's self, to assume:

quamquam mihi non sumo tantum, judices, neque adrogo, ut, etc.,

Cic. Planc. 1:

non enim mihi tantum derogo, tametsi nihil adrogo, ut, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 32:

sapientiam sibi adrogare,

id. Brut. 85, 292: ego tantum tibi tribuo, [p. 166] quantum mihi fortasse arrogo, id. Fam. 4, 1 fin.:

Quod ex alienā virtute sibi adrogant, id mihi ex meā non concedunt,

Sall. J. 85, 25:

Nihil adrogabo mihi nobilitatis aut modestiae,

Tac. H. 1, 30:

Nec sibi cenarum quivis temere arroget artem,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 35.—

Poet.: alicui aliquid, to adjudge something to another as his own, to confer upon or procure for (opp. abrogare):

Scire velim, chartis pretium quotus adroget annus,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 35:

decus arrogavit,

id. C. 4, 14, 40:

nihil non arroget armis,

adjudge every thing to arms, think every thing must yield to, id. A. P. 121.— Hence, arrŏgans ( adr-), antis, P. a., acc. to II. A., appropriating something not one's own; hence, assuming, arrogant (syn.: superbus, insolens, ferox).

Lit.:

si essent adrogantes, non possem ferre fastidium,

Cic. Phil. 10, 9:

Induciomarus iste minax atque adrogans,

id. Font. 12; id. Verr. 2, 1, 60:

ne arrogans in praeripiendo populi beneficio videretur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 1:

pigritia adrogantior,

Quint. 12, 3, 12:

adrogantissima persuasio,

id. Decl. 8, 9.—

As a consequence of assumption, haughty, proud, overbearing, insolent (cf. arrogantia, I. B.):

proponit inania mihi nobilitatis, hoc est hominum adrogantium nomina,

Cic. Verr. 1, 6:

de se persuasio,

Quint. 2, 4, 16:

crudelitas adrogans,

Cic. Fam. 5, 4, 2:

dictum,

id. Sull. 8, 25:

consilium,

id. de Or. 2, 39, 165:

moderatio,

Tac. A. 1, 3:

adversus superiores tristi adulatione, adrogans minoribus, inter pares difficilis,

id. ib. 11, 21:

omnem adrogantem humilia,

Vulg. Job, 40, 6:

abominatio Domino est omnis adrogans,

ib. Prov. 16, 5:

beatos dicimus adrogantes,

ib. Mal. 3, 15.— Adv.: arrŏgan-ter ( adr-), with assumption, arrogantly, haughtily, proudly, insolently:

aliquid dicere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 83, 339; id. Off. 1, 1, 2; Quint. 4, 2, 86:

scribere,

Cic. Att. 6, 1:

aliquid praejudicare,

id. ad Brut. 1, 4:

petere,

id. Lig. 10, 30:

adsentire,

id. Inv. 2, 3, 10:

facere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40: adversarios sustinere, D. Brutus ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 4: ingredi, * Vulg. Soph. 1, 9:

consulere in deditos,

Tac. Agr. 16.— Comp.:

multo adrogantius factum,

Suet. Caes. 79:

insolentius et adrogantius uti gloriā artis,

Plin. 36, 10, 36, § 71:

adrogantius et elatius praefari,

Gell. 9, 15.— Sup., Oros. 7, 25; 7, 35.

ar-rŏgo ( adr-, Fleck., B. and K., Dietsch, Halm, Weissenb.; arr-, Holder, Dinter; Keller uses both forms), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.

Jurid. and polit. t. t.

To ask or inquire of one, to question: Venus haec volo adroget te, * Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 45; cf. Dig. 1, 7, 2.—

Alicui, t. t., to add one officer to another, to associate with, place by the side of:

cui consuli dictatorem adrogari haud satis decorum visum est patribus,

Liv. 7, 25, 11.—

To take a homo sui juris in the place of a child, to adopt (v. arrogatio), Gell. 5, 19, 4; cf. Dig. 1, 7, 1; 1, 7, 2; 1, 7, 22 al.—Hence,

Transf.

To appropriate that which does not belong to one, to claim as one's own, to arrogate to one's self, to assume:

quamquam mihi non sumo tantum, judices, neque adrogo, ut, etc.,

Cic. Planc. 1:

non enim mihi tantum derogo, tametsi nihil adrogo, ut, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 32:

sapientiam sibi adrogare,

id. Brut. 85, 292: ego tantum tibi tribuo, [p. 166] quantum mihi fortasse arrogo, id. Fam. 4, 1 fin.:

Quod ex alienā virtute sibi adrogant, id mihi ex meā non concedunt,

Sall. J. 85, 25:

Nihil adrogabo mihi nobilitatis aut modestiae,

Tac. H. 1, 30:

Nec sibi cenarum quivis temere arroget artem,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 35.—

Poet.: alicui aliquid, to adjudge something to another as his own, to confer upon or procure for (opp. abrogare):

Scire velim, chartis pretium quotus adroget annus,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 35:

decus arrogavit,

id. C. 4, 14, 40:

nihil non arroget armis,

adjudge every thing to arms, think every thing must yield to, id. A. P. 121.— Hence, arrŏgans ( adr-), antis, P. a., acc. to II. A., appropriating something not one's own; hence, assuming, arrogant (syn.: superbus, insolens, ferox).

Lit.:

si essent adrogantes, non possem ferre fastidium,

Cic. Phil. 10, 9:

Induciomarus iste minax atque adrogans,

id. Font. 12; id. Verr. 2, 1, 60:

ne arrogans in praeripiendo populi beneficio videretur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 1:

pigritia adrogantior,

Quint. 12, 3, 12:

adrogantissima persuasio,

id. Decl. 8, 9.—

As a consequence of assumption, haughty, proud, overbearing, insolent (cf. arrogantia, I. B.):

proponit inania mihi nobilitatis, hoc est hominum adrogantium nomina,

Cic. Verr. 1, 6:

de se persuasio,

Quint. 2, 4, 16:

crudelitas adrogans,

Cic. Fam. 5, 4, 2:

dictum,

id. Sull. 8, 25:

consilium,

id. de Or. 2, 39, 165:

moderatio,

Tac. A. 1, 3:

adversus superiores tristi adulatione, adrogans minoribus, inter pares difficilis,

id. ib. 11, 21:

omnem adrogantem humilia,

Vulg. Job, 40, 6:

abominatio Domino est omnis adrogans,

ib. Prov. 16, 5:

beatos dicimus adrogantes,

ib. Mal. 3, 15.— Adv.: arrŏgan-ter ( adr-), with assumption, arrogantly, haughtily, proudly, insolently:

aliquid dicere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 83, 339; id. Off. 1, 1, 2; Quint. 4, 2, 86:

scribere,

Cic. Att. 6, 1:

aliquid praejudicare,

id. ad Brut. 1, 4:

petere,

id. Lig. 10, 30:

adsentire,

id. Inv. 2, 3, 10:

facere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40: adversarios sustinere, D. Brutus ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 4: ingredi, * Vulg. Soph. 1, 9:

consulere in deditos,

Tac. Agr. 16.— Comp.:

multo adrogantius factum,

Suet. Caes. 79:

insolentius et adrogantius uti gloriā artis,

Plin. 36, 10, 36, § 71:

adrogantius et elatius praefari,

Gell. 9, 15.— Sup., Oros. 7, 25; 7, 35.

in-frĕquens, tis, adj., that does not often or frequently take place, unfrequent.

Lit., of persons, that is not often at a place, that seldom does a thing, seldom, rare:

sum et Romae et in praedio infrequens,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 4:

parcus deorum cultor et infrequens,

unfrequent, Hor. C. 1, 34, 1: exercitus, thinned by furloughs, Liv. 43, 11, 10: miles, that does not appear regularly at his standard, Paul. ex Fest. p. 112 Müll.; cf. Gell. 16, 4, 5. —

Hence: pro infrequente eum mittat militia domum (meretrix), of a lover,

who makes few presents, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 19. —

Transf., that does not often happen, that is seldom used, rare, unusual:

cum Appius senatum infrequentem coëgisset,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12:

eae copiae ipsae hoc infrequentiores imponuntur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 2:

interdictum,

Dig. 43, 31, 1:

usus,

Gell. 9, 12, 19:

vocabulum,

id. 2, 22, 2:

infrequentissima urbis,

the parts least inhabited, Liv. 31, 23, 4:

causa,

which is attended by few hearers, Cic. de Or. 2, 79, 320.—

Usually with abl. or gen., not filled with, not well provided with, not acquainted with any thing:

altera pars (urbis) infrequens aedificiis,

Liv. 37, 32:

signa infrequentia armatis,

to which but few soldiers belong, id. 10, 20.—Also absol.:

infrequentia signa,

Liv. 7, 8:

rei militaris te reddidisti infrequentem,

inexperienced, Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37; with little knowledge of, unskilled in:

vocum Latinarum,

Gell. 13, 24, 4.— Hence, adv.: infrĕquenter, rarely (late Lat.), Ambros. Ep. 35.

in-frĕquens, tis, adj., that does not often or frequently take place, unfrequent.

Lit., of persons, that is not often at a place, that seldom does a thing, seldom, rare:

sum et Romae et in praedio infrequens,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 4:

parcus deorum cultor et infrequens,

unfrequent, Hor. C. 1, 34, 1: exercitus, thinned by furloughs, Liv. 43, 11, 10: miles, that does not appear regularly at his standard, Paul. ex Fest. p. 112 Müll.; cf. Gell. 16, 4, 5. —

Hence: pro infrequente eum mittat militia domum (meretrix), of a lover,

who makes few presents, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 19. —

Transf., that does not often happen, that is seldom used, rare, unusual:

cum Appius senatum infrequentem coëgisset,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12:

eae copiae ipsae hoc infrequentiores imponuntur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 2:

interdictum,

Dig. 43, 31, 1:

usus,

Gell. 9, 12, 19:

vocabulum,

id. 2, 22, 2:

infrequentissima urbis,

the parts least inhabited, Liv. 31, 23, 4:

causa,

which is attended by few hearers, Cic. de Or. 2, 79, 320.—

Usually with abl. or gen., not filled with, not well provided with, not acquainted with any thing:

altera pars (urbis) infrequens aedificiis,

Liv. 37, 32:

signa infrequentia armatis,

to which but few soldiers belong, id. 10, 20.—Also absol.:

infrequentia signa,

Liv. 7, 8:

rei militaris te reddidisti infrequentem,

inexperienced, Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37; with little knowledge of, unskilled in:

vocum Latinarum,

Gell. 13, 24, 4.— Hence, adv.: infrĕquenter, rarely (late Lat.), Ambros. Ep. 35.

sisto, stĭti (Charis. p. 220, and Diom. p. 369, give steti for both sisto and sto, confining stiti to the compounds of both. But steti, as perfect of sisto, is late jurid. Lat., and perh. dub.;

for steterant,

Verg. A. 3, 110;

steterint,

id. ib. 3, 403; Liv. 8, 32, 12, belong to stare; cf. also Gell. 2, 14, 1 sqq.; and v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 461 sq.), stătum [root stă, strengthened by reduplication; cf. histêmi], used in two general senses, I. To cause to stand, place, = colloco, pono; II. To stand, be placed, = sto.

Sistere, in gen., = collocare (in class. prose only in the partic. uses, v. A. 4. C. and D., infra).

Causative, with acc.

To place = facere ut stet; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with ad, super, etc., and acc.:

O qui me gelidis in vallibus Haemi Sistat,

Verg. G. 2, 489:

tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris,

id. A. 3, 117 (classis stat;

v. sto): inque tuo celerem litore siste gradum,

Ov. H. 13, 102 (cf. infra, III. 2. A.):

jaculum clamanti (al. clamantis) sistit in ore,

plants the dart in his face, Verg. A. 10, 323:

disponit quas in fronte manus, medio quas robore sistat,

Stat. Th. 7, 393:

(equum ligneum) sacratā sistimus arā,

Verg. A. 2, 245:

aeternis potius me pruinis siste,

Stat. Th. 4, 395: ut stata (est) lux pelago, as soon as light was set ( shone) on the sea, id. ib. 5, 476:

victima Sistitur ante aras,

Ov. M. 15, 132:

quam (suem) Aeneas ubi... sistit ad aram,

Verg. A. 8, 85:

post haec Sistitur crater,

Ov. M. 8, 669: vestigia in altero (monte) sisti (non posse), that no footprints can be placed ( made) on the other mountain, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211:

cohortes expeditas super caput hostium sistit,

Tac. H. 3, 77; cf. id. A. 12, 13; Stat. Th. 4, 445; Sil. 4, 612. —

To place, as the result of guidance or conveyance; hence, to convey, to send, lead, take, conduct to, = facere ut veniat; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with advv. of place: officio meo ripā sistetur in illā Haec, will be carried by me to, etc., Ov. M. 9, 109:

terrā sistēre petitā,

id. ib. 3, 635:

(vos) facili jam tramite sistam,

Verg. A. 6, 676:

ut eum in Syriā aut Aegypto sisterent orabat,

to convey him to, Tac. H. 2, 9.—So with hic (= in with abl.) or huc (= in with acc.):

hic siste patrem,

Sen. Phoen. 121:

Annam huc siste sororem,

Verg. A. 4, 634.—

To place an army in order of battle, draw up, = instruere:

aciem in litore sistit,

Verg. A. 10, 309; cf.:

sistere tertiam decimam legionem in ipso aggere jubet,

Tac. H. 3, 21.—

Se sistere = to betake one's self, to present one's self, to come (so twice in Cicero's letters):

des operam, id quod mihi affirmasti, ut te ante Kal. Jan., ubicumque erimus, sistas,

Cic. Att. 3, 25:

te vegetum nobis in Graeciā sistas,

id. ib. 10, 16, 6 (cf. infra, E.):

hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu Sistit,

Verg. A. 11, 853.—

With two acc. (cf.: praesto, reddo) = to cause to be in a certain condition, to place, etc.; often with dat. of interest (ante- and post-class., and poet.; cf.

supra, 4.): ego vos salvos sistam,

I will place you in safety, see you to a safe place, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 5:

omnia salva sistentur tibi,

all will be returned to you in good order, id. ib. 5, 3, 3; so,

suam rem sibi salvam sistam,

id. Poen. 5, 2, 123; cf.:

rectius tacitas tibi res sistam, quam quod dictum est mutae mulieri,

will keep your secrets, id. ib. 4, 2, 54:

neque (dotem) incolumem sistere illi, et detraxe autument,

that you deliver it entire to her, id. Trin. 3, 3, 15:

cum te reducem aetas prospera sistet,

Cat. 64, 238: tu modo servitio vacuum me siste (= praesta) superbo, set me free from, Prop. 4, 16 (3, 17), 42:

tutum patrio te limine sistam,

will see you safe home, Verg. A. 2, 620:

praedā onustos triumphantesque mecum domos reduces sistatis,

Liv. 29, 27, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

Pelasgis siste levem campum,

Stat. Th. 8, 328:

modo se isdem in terris victorem sisterent,

Tac. A. 2, 14:

operā tuā sistas hunc nobis sanum atque validum,

give him back to us, safe and sound, Gell. 18, 10, 7: ita mihi salvam ac sospitem rempublicam sistere in suā sede liceat, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 28.—

Neutr, with double nom., = exsistere, to be, to become: judex extremae sistet vitaeque necisque, he will become a judge, etc., Manil. 4, 548 (dub.):

tempora quod sistant propriis parentia signis,

id. 3, 529 (dub.; al. sic stant; cf. infra, II.).—

As neuter verb, to stand, rest, be placed, lie ( poet.);

constr. like sto: ne quis mihi obstiterit obviam, nam qui obstiterit, ore sistet,

will lie on his face, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 13 Brix ad loc.: (nemo sit) tantā gloriā... quin cadat, quin capite sistat, will be placed or stand on his head, id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:

ibi crebro, credo, capite sistebant cadi,

id. Mil. 3, 2, 36 Lorenz (Brix, hoc illi crebro capite):

ipsum si quicquam posse in se sistere credis,

to rest upon itself, Lucr. 1, 1057:

neque posse in terrā sistere terram,

nor can the earth rest upon itself, id. 2, 603:

at conlectus aquae... qui lapides inter sistit per strata viarum,

id. 4, 415:

incerti quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,

to rest, to stay, Verg. A. 3, 7; cf.:

quaesitisque diu terris, ubi sistere detur,

Ov. M. 1, 307. —

As jurid. term.

In both a causative and neuter sense = to produce in court, or to appear in court after being bound over by the judge or by promise to the adversary (vadimonium); constr. either absol. or with the dat. of the adversary to whom the promise is made (alicui sisti), to appear upon somebody's demand; also, in judicio sisti. The present active is either used reflexively (se sistere = to appear), or with a transitive object (sistere aliquem = to produce in court one in whose behalf the promise has been made). The present passive, sisti, sistendus, sistitur, = to appear or to be produced. The perfect act., stiti, stitisse, rarely the perfect passive, status sum, = to have appeared, I appeared. So in all periods of the language:

cum autem in jus vocatus fuerit adversarius, ni eo die finitum fuerit negotium, vadimonium ei faciendum est, id est ut promittat se certo die sisti,

Gai. 4, 184:

fit ut Alfenus promittat, Naevio sisti Quinctium,

that Quinctius would be forthcoming upon Naevius's complaint, Cic. Quint. 21, 67; cf. id. ib. 8, 30 (v. infra, B.):

testificatur, P. Quinctium non stitisse, et se stitisse,

id. ib. 6, 25:

quin puellam sistendam promittat (= fore ut puella sistatur in judicio),

Liv. 3, 45, 3:

interrogavit quisquam, in quem diem locumque vadimonium promitti juberet, et Scipio manum ad ipsam oppidi, quod obsidebatur, arcem protendens: Perendie sese sistant illo in loco,

Gell. 7, 1, 10:

si quis quendam in judicio sisti promiserit, in eādem causā eum debet sistere,

Dig. 2, 11, 11:

si servum in eādem causā sistere promiserit, et liber factus sistatur,... non recte sistitur,

ib. 2, 9, 5:

sed si statu liberum sisti promissum sit, in eādem causā sisti videtur, quamvis liber sistatur,

ib. 2, 9, 6:

cum quis in judicio sisti promiserit, neque adjecerit poenam si status non esset,

ib. 2, 6, 4:

si quis in judicio secundum suam promissionem non stitit,

ib. 2, 11, 2, § 1; cf. ib. 2, 5, 1; 2, 8, 2; 2, 11, 2, § 3.—

Vadimonium sistere, to present one's self in court, thus keeping the solemn engagement (vadimonium) made to that effect; lit., to make the vadimonium stand, i. e. effective, opp. deserere vadimonium = not to appear, to forfeit the vadimonium. The phrase does not occur in the jurists of the Pandects, the institution of the vadimonium being abolished by Marcus Aurelius. It is found in the following three places only: quid si vadimonium capite obvoluto stitisses? Cat. ap. Gell. 2, 14, 1: ut Quinctium sisti Alfenus promitteret. Venit Romam Quinctius;

vadimonium sistit,

Cic. Quint. 8, 30:

ut nullum illa stiterit vadimonium sine Attico,

Nep. Att. 9; Gai. 4, 185; cf. diem sistere under status, P. a. infra.—

Transf., out of judicial usage, in gen., = to appear or present one's self, quasi ex vadimonio; constr. absol. or with dat. of the person entitled to demand the appearance:

ubi tu es qui me vadatus's Veneriis vadimoniis? Sisto ego tibi me, et mihi contra itidem ted ut sistas suadeo (of a lover's appointment),

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 5; so,

tibi amatorem illum alacrem vadimonio sistam,

produce, App. M. 9, p. 227, 14:

nam promisimus carnufici aut talentum magnum, aut hunc hodie sistere,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 73:

vas factus est alter ejus sistendi, ut si ille non revertisset, moriendum esset sibi,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45. —

Fana sistere, acc. to Festus anciently used, either = to place ( secure and fix places for) temples in founding a city, or to place the couches in the lectisternia:

sistere fana, cum in urbe condendā dicitur, significat loca in oppido futurorum fanorum constituere: quamquam Antistius Labeo, in commentario XV. juris pontificii ait fana sistere esse lectisternia certis locis et diebus habere,

Fest. p. 267 Lind. To this usage Plaut. perh. alludes:

apud illas aedis sistendae mihi sunt sycophantiae,

the place about that house I must make the scene of my tricks, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 25.—

Sistere monumenta, etc., or sistere alone, to erect statues, etc. (= statuere; post-class. and rare;

mostly in Tac.): ut apud Palatium effigies eorum sisteret,

Tac. A. 15, 72:

cum Augustus sibi templum sisti non prohibuisset,

id. ib. 4 37:

at Romae tropaea de Parthis arcusque sistebantur,

id. ib. 15, 18:

monuere ut... templum iisdem vestigiis sisteretur,

id. H. 4, 53:

sistere monumenta,

Aus. Ep. 24, 55: Ast ego te... Carthaginis arce Marmoreis sistam templis (cf. histanai tina), Sil. 8, 231; v. statuo.

Sistere = to cause what is tottering or loose to stand firm, to support or fasten; and neutr., to stand firm.

Causative (rare;

perh. not in class. prose) = stabilire: sucus... mobilis (dentes) sistit,

Plin. 20, 3, 8, § 15; and trop.: hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam magno turbante tumultu Sistet (cf.: respublica stat;

v. sto),

Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:

non ita civitatem aegram esse, ut consuetis remediis sisti posset,

Liv. 3, 20, 8 (where sisti may be impers.; v. infra, III. C.).—

Neutr., to stand firm, to last, = stare:

nec mortale genus, nec divum corpora sancta Exiguom possent horai sistere tempus,

Lucr. 1, 1016: qui rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur, Cotta ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223.—

Neutr., to stand firm, to resist:

nec quicquam Teucros Sustentare valet telis, aut sistere contra,

Verg. A. 11, 873; so with dat. = resistere:

donec Galba, inruenti turbae neque aetate neque corpore sistens, sella levaretur,

Tac. H. 1, 35; cf. sisti = resistere, III. B. 1. f. infra.

Sistere = to stand still, and to cause to stand still.

Neutr. = stare (rare; in Varr., Tac., and the poets).

To stand still:

solstitium dictum est quod sol eo die sistere videatur,

Varr. L. L. 5, p. 53 (Bip.):

sistunt amnes,

Verg. G. 1, 479:

incurrit, errat, sistit,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 248.—

To remain, stop:

Siste! Quo praeceps ruis?

Sen. Thyest. 77; id. Oedip. 1050:

vis tu quidem istum intra locum sistere?

will you remain in that position? Tac. A. 4, 40.—

Trop., to stop, not to go any farther:

depunge, ubi sistam,

Pers. 6, 79:

nec in Hectore tracto sistere,

to stop at the dragging of Hector, Stat. Achill. 1, 7.—

To cease (dub.):

hactenus sistat nefas' pius est,

if his crime ceases here, he will be pious, Sen. Thyest. 744 (perh. act., to stop, end).—

Causative (not ante-Aug.; freq. in Tac., Plin., and the poets).

To arrest, stop, check an advancing motion.

With gradum:

plano sistit uterque gradum,

arrest their steps, Prop. 5 (4), 10, 36; Verg. A. 6, 465:

siste properantem gradum,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 772:

repente sistunt gradum,

Curt. 4, 6, 14. —With pedem, Ov. R. Am. 80.—

With fugam, to stop, stay, check, stem, arrest the flight:

fugam foedam siste,

Liv. 1, 12, 5:

si periculo suo fugam sistere posset,

id. 30, 12, 1; so Curt. 8, 14, 37; 4, 16, 2; 8, 3, 2; Tac. A. 12, 39.—

Of vehicles, horses, etc.:

esseda siste,

Prop. 2, 1, 76:

equos,

Verg. A. 12, 355:

quadrijugos,

Stat. Achill. 2, 429; so id. Th. 5, 364.—

With iter, to arrest the advance of an army, to halt:

exercitus iter sistit,

Tac. H. 3, 50.—

With bellum, to halt (cf. infra, D.):

Aquilejae sisti bellum expectarique Mucianum jubebat,

Tac. H. 3, [p. 1712] 8.—

Of living objects, in gen.

To arrest their course, make them halt:

aegre coercitam legionem Bedriaci sistit,

Tac. H. 2, 23:

festinantia sistens Fata,

staying the hurrying Fates, Stat. S. 3, 4, 24.—So, se sistere with ab, to desist from:

non prius se ab effuso cursu sistunt,

Liv. 6, 29, 3; hence, to arrest by wounding, i. e. to wound or kill:

aliquem cuspide,

Sil. 1, 382; 1, 163; so,

cervum vulnere sistere,

id. 2, 78.—

To stop a hostile attack of persons, to resist them, ward them off:

ut non sisterent modo Sabinas legiones, sed in fugam averterent,

Liv. 1, 37, 3:

ibi integrae vires sistunt invehentem se jam Samnitem,

id. 10, 14, 18:

nec sisti vis hostium poterat,

Curt. 5, 3, 11:

nec sisti poterant scandentes,

Tac. H. 3, 71; 5, 21. —

Trop., to stop the advance of prices:

pretia augeri in dies, nec mediocribus remediis sisti posse,

Tac. A. 3, 52.—

To arrest the motion of fluids.

Of water:

sistere aquam fluviis,

Verg. A. 4, 489:

amnis, siste parumper aquas,

Ov. Am. 3, 6, 2:

quae concita flumina sistunt,

id. M. 7, 154:

sistito infestum mare,

calm, Sen. Agam. 523; cf. Ov. M. 7, 200; id. H. 6, 87; Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 118.—

Of blood and secretions:

(ea) quibus sistitur sanguis parari jubet,

Tac. A. 15, 54:

sanguinem,

Plin. 20, 7, 25, § 59; 28, 18, 73, § 239; 27, 4, 5, § 18:

haemorrhoidum abundantiam,

id. 27, 4, 5, § 19:

fluctiones,

id. 20, 8, 27, § 71, 34, 10, 23, § 105; 35, 17, 57, § 195:

nomas,

id. 30, 13, 39, § 116; 24, 16, 94, § 151:

mensis,

id. 23, 6, 60, § 112:

vomitiones,

id. 20, 20, 81, § 213:

alvum bubus,

id. 18, 16, 42, § 143:

alvum,

stop the bowels, id. 23, 6, 60, § 113; 22, 25, 59, § 126; 20, 5, 18, § 37:

ventrem,

id. 20, 23, 96, § 256; Mart. 13, 116.—

To arrest the motion of life, make rigid:

ille oculos sistit,

Stat. Th. 2, 539.—

To end, put an end to (= finem facere alicui rei); pass., to cease:

querelas,

Ov. M. 7, 711:

fletus,

id. ib. 14, 835:

lacrimas,

id. F. 1, 367; 480; 6, 154:

minas,

id. Tr. 1, 2, 60:

opus,

id. H. 16 (17), 266; id. M. 3, 153:

labores,

id. ib. 5, 490:

furorem,

Stat. Th. 5, 663:

furialem impetum,

Sen. Med. 157; id. Agam. 203:

pace tamen sisti bellum placet,

Ov. M. 14, 803:

antequam summa dies spectacula sistat,

id. F. 4, 387:

sitim sistere,

to allay, id. P. 3, 1, 18:

nec primo in limine sistit conatus scelerum,

suppresses, Stat. S. 5, 2, 86:

ruinas,

to stop destruction, Plin. Pan. 50, 4:

ventum,

to ward off, turn the wind, id. Ep. 2, 17, 17;

(motus terrae) non ante quadraginta dies sistuntur, = desinunt,

Plin. 2, 82, 84, § 198.—

Sistere with intra = to confine, keep within:

transgresso jam Alpes Caecina, quem sisti intra Gallias posse speraverant,

Tac. H. 2, 11:

dum populatio lucem intra sisteretur,

provided the raids were confined to day-time, id. A. 4, 48. —

Impers. and trop., to arrest or avoid an impending misfortune, or to stand, i. e. to endure; generally in the form sisti non potest (more rarely: sisti potest) = it cannot be endured, a disaster cannot be avoided or met (once in Plaut.; freq. in Liv.; sometimes in Tac.; cf., in gen., Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 720; Drak. ad Liv. 3, 16, 4; Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 29, 8; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 12, 6; Beneke ad Just. 11, 1, 6).

Without a subject, res or a noun of general import being understood:

quid ego nunc agam, nisi ut clipeum ad dorsum accommodem, etc.? Non sisti potest,

it is intolerable, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 94:

totam plebem aere alieno demersam esse, nec sisti posse nisi omnibus consulatur,

Liv. 2, 29, 8:

si domestica seditio adiciatur, sisti non posse,

the situation will be desperate, id. 45, 19, 3:

si quem similem priore anno dedissent, non potuisse sisti,

id. 3, 9, 8:

vixque concordiā sisti videbatur,

that the crisis could scarcely be met, even by harmonious action, id. 3, 16, 4:

qualicunque urbis statu, manente disciplinā militari sisti potuisse,

these evils were endurable, id. 2, 44, 10: exercitum gravi morbo affectari, nec sisti potuisse ni, etc., it would have ended in disaster, if not, etc., id. 29, 10, 1:

qui omnes populi si pariter deficiant, sisti nullo modo posse,

Just. 11, 1, 6 Gronov. ad loc.; cf. Liv. 3, 20, 8 supra, II. A. 1.— Rarely with a subject-clause understood: nec jam sisti poterat, and it was no longer tolerable, i. e. that Nero should disgrace himself, etc., Tac. A. 14, 14.—

Rarely with quin, to prevent etc. (pregn., implying also the stopping of something; cf.

supra, III. B. 1.): neque sisti potuit quin et palatium et domus et cuncta circum haurirentur (igni),

Tac. A. 15, 39.—Hence, stătus, a, um, P. a., as attribute of nouns, occurs in several conventional phrases, as relics of archaic usage.

Status (condictusve) dies cum hoste, in the XII. Tables, = a day of trial fixed by the judge or agreed upon with the adversary;

esp., a peregrinus (= hostis),

Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37. It presupposes a phrase, diem sistere, prob.=vadimonium sistere (v. supra, I. C. 2.). Such an appointment was an excuse from the most important public duties, even for soldiers from joining the army, Cinc. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4.—

Hence, transf.: si status condictus cum hoste intercedit dies, tamen est eundum quo imperant,

i. e. under all circumstances we must go, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5.—

In certain phrases, appointed, fixed, regular (cf. statutus, with which it is often confounded in MSS.):

status dies: tres in anno statos dies habere quibus, etc.,

Liv. 39, 13, 8:

stato loco statisque diebus,

id. 42, 32, 2; so id. 5, 52, 2; 27, 23 fin.:

stato lustri die,

Sen. Troad. 781:

status sacrificii dies,

Flor. 1, 3, 16:

statum tempus, statā vice, etc.: lunae defectio statis temporibus fit,

Liv. 44, 37 init.; so id. 28, 6, 10:

stato tempore,

Tac. A. 12, 13; id. H. 4, 81; Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 173:

stata tempora (partus),

Stat. Achill. 2, 673:

adeo in illā plagā mundus statas vices temporum mutat,

Curt. 8, 19, 13; so id. 9, 9, 9; 5, 1, 23; so, feriae, etc.: feriae statae appellabantur quod certo statutoque die observarentur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69 Lind.:

stata quinquennia,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 113:

stata sacra or sacrificia: stata sacrificia sunt quae certis diebus fieri debent,

Fest. p. 264 Lind.:

proficiscuntur Aeniam ad statum sacrificium,

Liv. 40, 4, 9; 23, 35, 3; 5, 46, 2; 39, 13, 8; Cic. Mil. 17, 45:

solemne et statum sacrificium (al. statutum),

id. Tusc. 1, 47, 113; so Liv. 23, 35, 3:

stata sacra,

Ov. F. 2, 528; Stat. Th. 1, 666:

stata foedera,

id. ib. 11, 380:

status flatus,

Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

stati cursus siderum,

Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 291 (different: statae stellae = fixed stars, Censor. D. N. 8, belonging to II. 2. supra): statae febres, intermittent fevers, returning regularly, Plin. 28, 27, 28, § 107.—

Moderate, average, normal:

inter enim pulcherrimam feminam et deformissimam media forma quaedam est, quae et a nimio pulcritudinis periculo et a summo deformitatis odio vacat, qualis a Q. Ennio perquam eleganti vocabulo stata dicitur...Ennius autem eas fere feminas ait incolumi pudicitia esse quae statā formā forent,

Gell. 5, 11, 12 -14 (v. Enn. Trag. p. 133 Vahl.).

sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.

Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:

sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,

id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:

facinus indignum Sic circumiri,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

arare mavelim quam sic amare,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:

sic se res habet,

Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

sic regii constiterant,

Liv. 42, 58:

sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,

id. 3, 9, 1:

sic ad Alpes perventum est,

Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:

sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,

Cic. Or. 34, 121:

cum sic affectos dimisisset,

Liv. 21, 43, 1:

sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,

id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—

In a parenthet. clause (= ita):

quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,

so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:

commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,

id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—

Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.

Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),

Liv. 2, 46, 7:

sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:

tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),

id. ib. 5, 20, 1:

sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),

id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:

Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),

id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:

sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),

id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:

sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

haec sic audivi (= ita esse),

id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:

sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),

Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 5, 178.—

As completing object, = hoc:

iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:

hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:

sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),

Ov. M. 15, 584:

hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:

sic faciendum est,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—

Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:

sic vita hominum est (= talis),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,

id. Or. 5, 18:

familiaris noster—sic est enim,

id. Att. 1, 18, 6:

sic est vulgus,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:

sic, Crito, est hic,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;

si placeo, utere,

id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:

sic sententiest,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:

sic est (= sic res se habet),

that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,

id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:

nunc hoc profecto sic est,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:

sic est. Non muto sententiam,

Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—

Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):

sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:

si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,

id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:

sic opus est (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—

To express relations other than manner (rare).

Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:

sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,

Liv. 1, 5, 4:

sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,

Cic. Brut. 42, 154:

sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,

Liv. 4, 11, 5:

suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —

Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:

reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,

Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;

sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),

Tib. 4, 13, 6:

Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),

Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:

sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),

Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—

Of intensity:

non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),

Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.

Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):

ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:

tum Varro ita exorsus est,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):

puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:

sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:

salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:

Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,

Cic. Planc. 31, 76:

res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,

the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:

sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,

Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—

Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:

ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—

For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):

disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,

Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:

mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.

As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;

mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,

as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:

sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,

id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:

nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,

Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:

sic ad me, miserande, redis?

Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:

Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:

non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?

id. ib. 2, 4, 12:

quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,

Lucr. 5, 441.—

Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,

I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:

sic dabo!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:

doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:

sic furi datur,

id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:

sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),

Liv. 1, 7, 2:

sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,

so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:

sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),

Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:

sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,

Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).

As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.

With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).

With ut:

ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,

id. Brut. 11, 42:

sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,

id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:

ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,

id. Brut. 31, 117:

de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,

id. Att. 4, 6, 1:

sic est ut narro tibi,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:

ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:

ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,

Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—

With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:

quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,

Liv. 3, 11, 3:

sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—

With sicut:

tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,

Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—

With velut:

velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,

Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—

With tamquam:

tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,

Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:

quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?

Liv. 10, 8:

sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,

Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—

With quasi:

hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,

Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:

ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—

With quomodo:

quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,

Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:

sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,

id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—

With ceu:

ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,

Verg. A. 2, 438.—

With quam:

non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,

Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—

With quantus:

nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—

With qualis:

imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—

Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:

Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),

Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—

In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:

consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),

Liv. 4, 6, 2:

ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,

id. 6, 32, 6:

(forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,

Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):

nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),

Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:

ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,

id. Sen. 6, 20:

utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,

id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:

ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,

id. Sen. 20, 76:

ut voce, sic etiam oratione,

id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:

ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —

With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:

sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,

Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:

eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,

id. ib. 3, 12, 46:

omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,

id. Brut. 71, 250:

omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,

id. Or. 36, 125:

sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,

id. Mil. 21, 56:

sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:

mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,

Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:

sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,

id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—

With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:

sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:

conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:

sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,

id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:

cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,

id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—

Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.

Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:

sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,

Sen. Ep. 105, 3:

sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—

Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):

decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,

that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:

sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—

Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—

With inf. clause (freq.):

sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,

Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:

sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,

id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):

sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—

With ut, expressing purpose or result:

nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:

ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.

Idiomatic usages of sic.

In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):

parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),

Tib. 2, 6, 30:

annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,

id. 2, 5, 121:

pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,

Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:

Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,

Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:

sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),

Verg. E. 9, 30:

sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),

id. ib. 10, 4:

sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,

Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:

sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),

Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.

also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),

Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—

Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):

sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:

Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:

sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,

Ov. M. 8, 866:

sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,

Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:

vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,

Tib. 2, 5, 63.—

In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.

In gen.:

e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,

but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:

at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:

quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,

thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:

si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:

non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),

naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,

Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:

me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,

so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:

sic sine malo,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:

at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,

without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:

hoc non poterit sic abire,

Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,

sic abire,

id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,

With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,

id. As. 2, 4, 54:

sine fores sic, abi,

let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—

Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:

nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,

narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:

sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,

even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,

sic quoque fallebat,

id. ib. 1, 698:

sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,

anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:

sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,

Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—

Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:

Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,

Sen. Ep. 114.—

In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114.

sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.

Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:

sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,

id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:

facinus indignum Sic circumiri,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

arare mavelim quam sic amare,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:

sic se res habet,

Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

sic regii constiterant,

Liv. 42, 58:

sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,

id. 3, 9, 1:

sic ad Alpes perventum est,

Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:

sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,

Cic. Or. 34, 121:

cum sic affectos dimisisset,

Liv. 21, 43, 1:

sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,

id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—

In a parenthet. clause (= ita):

quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,

so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:

commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,

id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—

Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.

Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),

Liv. 2, 46, 7:

sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:

tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),

id. ib. 5, 20, 1:

sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),

id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:

Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),

id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:

sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),

id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:

sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

haec sic audivi (= ita esse),

id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:

sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),

Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 5, 178.—

As completing object, = hoc:

iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:

hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:

sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),

Ov. M. 15, 584:

hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:

sic faciendum est,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—

Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:

sic vita hominum est (= talis),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,

id. Or. 5, 18:

familiaris noster—sic est enim,

id. Att. 1, 18, 6:

sic est vulgus,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:

sic, Crito, est hic,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;

si placeo, utere,

id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:

sic sententiest,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:

sic est (= sic res se habet),

that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,

id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:

nunc hoc profecto sic est,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:

sic est. Non muto sententiam,

Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—

Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):

sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:

si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,

id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:

sic opus est (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—

To express relations other than manner (rare).

Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:

sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,

Liv. 1, 5, 4:

sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,

Cic. Brut. 42, 154:

sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,

Liv. 4, 11, 5:

suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —

Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:

reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,

Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;

sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),

Tib. 4, 13, 6:

Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),

Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:

sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),

Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—

Of intensity:

non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),

Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.

Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):

ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:

tum Varro ita exorsus est,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):

puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:

sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:

salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:

Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,

Cic. Planc. 31, 76:

res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,

the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:

sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,

Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—

Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:

ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—

For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):

disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,

Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:

mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.

As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;

mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,

as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:

sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,

id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:

nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,

Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:

sic ad me, miserande, redis?

Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:

Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:

non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?

id. ib. 2, 4, 12:

quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,

Lucr. 5, 441.—

Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,

I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:

sic dabo!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:

doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:

sic furi datur,

id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:

sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),

Liv. 1, 7, 2:

sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,

so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:

sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),

Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:

sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,

Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).

As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.

With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).

With ut:

ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,

id. Brut. 11, 42:

sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,

id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:

ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,

id. Brut. 31, 117:

de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,

id. Att. 4, 6, 1:

sic est ut narro tibi,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:

ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:

ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,

Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—

With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:

quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,

Liv. 3, 11, 3:

sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—

With sicut:

tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,

Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—

With velut:

velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,

Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—

With tamquam:

tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,

Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:

quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?

Liv. 10, 8:

sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,

Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—

With quasi:

hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,

Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:

ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—

With quomodo:

quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,

Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:

sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,

id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—

With ceu:

ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,

Verg. A. 2, 438.—

With quam:

non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,

Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—

With quantus:

nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—

With qualis:

imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—

Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:

Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),

Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—

In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:

consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),

Liv. 4, 6, 2:

ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,

id. 6, 32, 6:

(forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,

Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):

nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),

Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:

ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,

id. Sen. 6, 20:

utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,

id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:

ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,

id. Sen. 20, 76:

ut voce, sic etiam oratione,

id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:

ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —

With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:

sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,

Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:

eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,

id. ib. 3, 12, 46:

omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,

id. Brut. 71, 250:

omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,

id. Or. 36, 125:

sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,

id. Mil. 21, 56:

sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:

mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,

Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:

sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,

id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—

With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:

sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:

conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:

sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,

id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:

cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,

id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—

Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.

Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:

sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,

Sen. Ep. 105, 3:

sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—

Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):

decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,

that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:

sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—

Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—

With inf. clause (freq.):

sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,

Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:

sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,

id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):

sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—

With ut, expressing purpose or result:

nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:

ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.

Idiomatic usages of sic.

In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):

parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),

Tib. 2, 6, 30:

annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,

id. 2, 5, 121:

pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,

Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:

Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,

Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:

sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),

Verg. E. 9, 30:

sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),

id. ib. 10, 4:

sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,

Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:

sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),

Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.

also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),

Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—

Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):

sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:

Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:

sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,

Ov. M. 8, 866:

sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,

Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:

vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,

Tib. 2, 5, 63.—

In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.

In gen.:

e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,

but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:

at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:

quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,

thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:

si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:

non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),

naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,

Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:

me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,

so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:

sic sine malo,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:

at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,

without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:

hoc non poterit sic abire,

Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,

sic abire,

id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,

With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,

id. As. 2, 4, 54:

sine fores sic, abi,

let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—

Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:

nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,

narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:

sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,

even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,

sic quoque fallebat,

id. ib. 1, 698:

sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,

anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:

sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,

Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—

Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:

Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,

Sen. Ep. 114.—

In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114.

sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.

Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:

sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,

id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:

facinus indignum Sic circumiri,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

arare mavelim quam sic amare,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:

sic se res habet,

Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

sic regii constiterant,

Liv. 42, 58:

sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,

id. 3, 9, 1:

sic ad Alpes perventum est,

Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:

sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,

Cic. Or. 34, 121:

cum sic affectos dimisisset,

Liv. 21, 43, 1:

sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,

id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—

In a parenthet. clause (= ita):

quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,

so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:

commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,

id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—

Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.

Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),

Liv. 2, 46, 7:

sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:

tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),

id. ib. 5, 20, 1:

sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),

id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:

Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),

id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:

sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),

id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:

sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

haec sic audivi (= ita esse),

id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:

sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),

Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 5, 178.—

As completing object, = hoc:

iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:

hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:

sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),

Ov. M. 15, 584:

hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:

sic faciendum est,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—

Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:

sic vita hominum est (= talis),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,

id. Or. 5, 18:

familiaris noster—sic est enim,

id. Att. 1, 18, 6:

sic est vulgus,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:

sic, Crito, est hic,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;

si placeo, utere,

id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:

sic sententiest,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:

sic est (= sic res se habet),

that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,

id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:

nunc hoc profecto sic est,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:

sic est. Non muto sententiam,

Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—

Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):

sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:

si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,

id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:

sic opus est (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—

To express relations other than manner (rare).

Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:

sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,

Liv. 1, 5, 4:

sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,

Cic. Brut. 42, 154:

sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,

Liv. 4, 11, 5:

suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —

Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:

reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,

Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;

sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),

Tib. 4, 13, 6:

Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),

Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:

sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),

Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—

Of intensity:

non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),

Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.

Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):

ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:

tum Varro ita exorsus est,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):

puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:

sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:

salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:

Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,

Cic. Planc. 31, 76:

res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,

the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:

sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,

Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—

Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:

ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—

For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):

disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,

Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:

mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.

As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;

mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,

as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:

sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,

id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:

nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,

Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:

sic ad me, miserande, redis?

Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:

Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:

non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?

id. ib. 2, 4, 12:

quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,

Lucr. 5, 441.—

Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,

I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:

sic dabo!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:

doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:

sic furi datur,

id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:

sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),

Liv. 1, 7, 2:

sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,

so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:

sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),

Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:

sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,

Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).

As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.

With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).

With ut:

ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,

id. Brut. 11, 42:

sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,

id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:

ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,

id. Brut. 31, 117:

de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,

id. Att. 4, 6, 1:

sic est ut narro tibi,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:

ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:

ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,

Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—

With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:

quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,

Liv. 3, 11, 3:

sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—

With sicut:

tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,

Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—

With velut:

velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,

Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—

With tamquam:

tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,

Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:

quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?

Liv. 10, 8:

sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,

Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—

With quasi:

hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,

Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:

ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—

With quomodo:

quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,

Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:

sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,

id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—

With ceu:

ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,

Verg. A. 2, 438.—

With quam:

non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,

Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—

With quantus:

nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—

With qualis:

imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—

Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:

Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),

Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—

In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:

consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),

Liv. 4, 6, 2:

ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,

id. 6, 32, 6:

(forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,

Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):

nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),

Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:

ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,

id. Sen. 6, 20:

utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,

id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:

ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,

id. Sen. 20, 76:

ut voce, sic etiam oratione,

id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:

ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —

With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:

sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,

Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:

eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,

id. ib. 3, 12, 46:

omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,

id. Brut. 71, 250:

omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,

id. Or. 36, 125:

sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,

id. Mil. 21, 56:

sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:

mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,

Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:

sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,

id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—

With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:

sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:

conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:

sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,

id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:

cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,

id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—

Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.

Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:

sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,

Sen. Ep. 105, 3:

sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—

Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):

decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,

that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:

sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—

Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—

With inf. clause (freq.):

sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,

Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:

sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,

id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):

sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—

With ut, expressing purpose or result:

nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:

ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.

Idiomatic usages of sic.

In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):

parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),

Tib. 2, 6, 30:

annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,

id. 2, 5, 121:

pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,

Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:

Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,

Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:

sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),

Verg. E. 9, 30:

sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),

id. ib. 10, 4:

sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,

Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:

sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),

Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.

also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),

Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—

Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):

sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:

Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:

sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,

Ov. M. 8, 866:

sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,

Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:

vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,

Tib. 2, 5, 63.—

In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.

In gen.:

e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,

but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:

at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:

quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,

thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:

si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:

non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),

naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,

Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:

me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,

so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:

sic sine malo,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:

at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,

without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:

hoc non poterit sic abire,

Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,

sic abire,

id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,

With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,

id. As. 2, 4, 54:

sine fores sic, abi,

let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—

Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:

nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,

narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:

sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,

even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,

sic quoque fallebat,

id. ib. 1, 698:

sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,

anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:

sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,

Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—

Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:

Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,

Sen. Ep. 114.—

In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114.

do, dĕdi, dătum, dăre (also in a longer form, dănunt = dant, Pac., Naev., and Caecil. ap. Non. 97, 14 sq.; Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 48; id. Ps. 3, 1, 1 et saep.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 12 Müll.— Subj.:

duim = dem,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 6; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 38:

duis,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 81; id. Men. 2, 1, 42:

duas = des,

id. Merc. 2, 3, 67; id. Rud. 5, 3, 12; an old formula in Liv. 10, 19:

duit,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 54; id. Aul. 1, 1, 23; an old formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

duint,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 126; id. Ps. 4, 1, 25; id. Trin. 2, 4, 35; Ter. And. 4, 1, 43; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 34 al.— Imper.: DVITOR, XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 21, 3, 5 ex conject.—Inf.: DASI = dari, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 13 Müll.:

dane = dasne,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 22.—The pres. pass., first pers., dor, does not occur), v. a. [Sanscr. dā, da-dā-mi, give; Gr. di-dô-mi, dôtêr, dosis; cf.: dos, donum, damnum], to give; and hence, with the greatest variety of application, passing over into the senses of its compounds, derivatives, and synonyms (edere, tradere, dedere; reddere, donare, largiri, concedere, exhibere, porrigere, praestare, impertire, suppeditare, ministrare, subministrare, praebere, tribuere, offerre, etc.), as, to give away, grant, concede, allow, permit; give up, yield, resign; bestow, present, confer, furnish, afford; offer, etc. (very freq.).

In gen.:

eam carnem victoribus danunt, Naev. ap. Non. l. l.: ea dona, quae illic Amphitruoni sunt data,

Plaut. Am. prol. 138; cf.:

patera, quae dono mi illic data'st,

id. ib. 1, 3, 36:

dandis recipiendisque meritis,

Cic. Lael. 8; cf.:

ut par sit ratio acceptorum et datorum,

id. ib. 16, 58: ut obsides accipere non dare consuerint, Caes. B. G. 1, 4 fin.:

obsides,

id. ib. 1, 19, 1;

1, 31, 7 et saep.: patriam (sc. mundum) dii nobis communem secum dederunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 13:

hominibus animus datus est ex illis sempiternis ignibus,

id. ib. 6, 15; cf. ib. 6, 17:

ea dant magistratus magis, quae etiamsi nolint, danda sint,

id. ib. 1, 31; cf.

imperia,

id. ib. 1, 44:

centuria, ad summum usum urbis fabris tignariis data,

id. ib. 2, 22:

Lycurgus agros locupletium plebi, ut servitio, colendos dedit,

id. ib. 3, 9 fin.:

ei filiam suam in matrimonium dat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 5:

litteras ad te numquam habui cui darem, quin dederim,

Cic. Fam. 12, 19: litteras (ad aliquem), to write to one, saep.; cf. id. Att. 5, 11;

and in the same signif.: aliquid ad aliquem,

id. ib. 10, 8 fin.:

litteras alicui, said of the writer,

to give one a letter to deliver, id. ib. 5, 15 fin.;

of the bearer, rarely,

to deliver a letter to one, id. ib. 5, 4 init.: colloquium dare, to join in a conference, converse ( poet.), Lucr. 4, 598 (Lachm.;

al. videmus): colloquiumque sua fretus ab urbe dedit,

parley, challenge, Prop. 5, 10, 32:

dare poenas,

to give satisfaction, to suffer punishment, Sall. C. 18:

alicui poenas dare,

to make atonement to any one; to suffer for any thing, Ov. M. 6, 544; Sall. C. 51, 31;

v. poena: decus sibi datum esse justitia regis existimabant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 41:

quoniam me quodammodo invitas et tui spem das,

id. ib. 1, 10:

dabant hae feriae tibi opportunam sane facultatem ad explicandas tuas litteras,

id. ib. 1, 9; cf.:

ansas alicui ad reprehendendum,

id. Lael. 16, 59:

multas causas suspicionum offensionumque,

id. ib. 24:

facultatem per provinciam itineris faciundi,

Caes. B. G. 1, 7, 5;

for which: iter alicui per provinciam,

id. ib. 1, 8, 3; Liv. 8, 5; 21, 20 al.:

modicam libertatem populo,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31:

consilium,

id. Lael. 13:

praecepta,

id. ib. 4 fin.:

tempus alicui, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 3:

inter se fidem et jusjurandum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3 fin.:

operam,

to bestow labor and pains on any thing, Cic. de Or. 1, 55:

operam virtuti,

id. Lael. 22, 84;

also: operam, ne,

id. ib. 21, 78:

veniam amicitiae,

id. ib. 17:

vela (ventis),

to set sail, id. de Or. 2, 44, 187:

dextra vela dare,

to steer towards the right, Ov. 3, 640:

me librum L. Cossinio ad te perferendum dedisse,

Cic. Att. 2, 1:

sin homo amens diripiendam urbem daturus est,

id. Fam. 14, 14 et saep.: ita dat se res, so it is circumstanced, so it is, Poëta ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 26; cf.:

prout tempus ac res se daret,

Liv. 28, 5 et saep.— Impers.: sic datur, so it goes, such is fate, i. e. you have your reward, Plaut. Truc. 4, 8, 4; id. Ps. 1, 2, 22; id. Men. 4, 2, 40; 64; id. Stich. 5, 6, 5.— Part. perf. sometimes (mostly in poets) subst.: dăta, ōrum, n., gifts, presents, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 72; Prop. 3, 15, 6 (4, 14, 6 M.); Ov. M. 6, 363 (but not in Cic. Clu. 24, 66, where dona data belong together, as in the archaic formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

DATVM DONVM DVIT, P. R. Q.).— Prov.: dantur opes nulli nunc nisi divitibus,

Mart. 5, 81, 2; cf.:

dat census honores,

Ov. F. 1, 217.—

Poet. with inf.:

da mihi frui perpetuā virginitate,

allow me, Ov. M. 1, 486; id. ib. 8, 350:

di tibi dent captā classem reducere Trojā,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 191; so id. ib. 1, 4, 39; id. Ep. 1, 16, 61; id. A. P. 323 et saep.—

With ne:

da, femina ne sim,

Ov. M. 12, 202.

In partic.

In milit. lang.

Nomina, to enroll one's self for military service, to enlist, Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 13; Liv. 2, 24; 5, 10; cf.

transf. beyond the military sphere,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 38.—

Manus (lit., as a prisoner of war, to stretch forth the hands to be fettered; cf. Cic. Lael. 26, 99;

hence),

to yield, surrender, Nep. Ham. 1, 4;

and more freq. transf. beyond the milit. sphere,

to yield, acquiesce, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 72; Cic. Lael. 26, 99; id. Att. 2, 22, 2; Caes. B. G. 5, 31, 3; Ov. H. 4, 14; id. F. 3, 688; Verg. A. 11, 568; Hor. Epod. 17, 1 al.—

Terga, for the usual vertere terga; v. tergum.—

To grant, consent, permit.

Esp. in jurid. lang.: DO, DICO, ADDICO, the words employed by the praetor in the execution of his office; viz. DO in the granting of judges, actions, exceptions, etc.; DICO in pronouncing sentence of judgment; ADDICO in adjudging the property in dispute to one or the other party; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 30 Müll.;

hence called tria verba,

Ov. F. 1, 47.—

Datur, it is permitted, allowed, granted; with subj. clause: quaesitis diu terris, ubi sistere detur, Ov. M. 1, 307:

interim tamen recedere sensim datur,

Quint. 11, 3, 127:

ex quo intellegi datur, etc.,

Lact. 5, 20, 11.—

In philos. lang., to grant a proposition:

in geometria prima si dederis, danda sunt omnia: dato hoc, dandum erit illud (followed by concede, etc.),

Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 25; id. Inv. 1, 31 fin. —

Designating the limit, to put, place, carry somewhere; and with se, to betake one's self somewhere:

tum genu ad terram dabo,

to throw, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 17; cf.:

aliquem ad terram,

Liv. 31, 37; Flor. 4, 2 fin.:

me haec deambulatio ad languorem dedit!

has fatigued me, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 3:

hanc mihi in manum dat,

id. And. 1, 5, 62:

praecipitem me in pistrinum dabit,

id. ib. 1, 3, 9:

hostes in fugam,

Caes. B. G. 5, 51 fin.:

hostem in conspectum,

to bring to view, Liv. 3, 69 fin.:

aliquem in vincula,

to cast into prison, Flor. 3, 10, 18; cf.:

arma in profluentes,

id. 4, 12, 9:

aliquem usque Sicanium fretum,

Val. Fl. 2, 28:

aliquem leto,

to put to death, to kill, Phaedr. 1, 22, 9:

se in viam,

to set out on a journey, Cic. Fam. 14, 12:

sese in fugam,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 43 fin.; cf.:

se fugae,

id. Att. 7, 23, 2:

Socrates, quam se cumque in partem dedisset, omnium fuit facile princeps,

id. de Or. 3, 16, 60 et saep.—

Designating the effect, to cause, make, bring about, inflict, impose:

qui dederit damnum aut malum,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 116:

nec consulto alteri damnum dari sine dolo malo potest,

Cic. Tull. 14, 34; 16, 39; cf.:

malum dare,

id. N. D. 1, 44, 122:

hoc quī occultari facilius credas dabo,

Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 29:

inania duro vulnera dat ferro,

Ov. M. 3, 84:

morsus,

Prop. 5, 5, 39; cf.:

motus dare,

to impart motion, Lucr. 1, 819 al. (but motus dare, to make motion, to move, be moved, id. 2, 311):

stragem,

id. 1, 288:

equitum ruinas,

to overthrow, id. 5, 1329.—With part. fut. pass.:

pectora tristitiae dissolvenda dedit,

caused to be delivered from sadness, Tib. 1, 7, 40.—

Prov.: dant animos vina,

Ov. M. 12, 242. —

Aliquid alicui, to do any thing for the sake of another; to please or humor another; to give up, sacrifice any thing to another (for the more usual condonare): da hoc illi mortuae, da ceteris amicis ac familiaribus, da patriae, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5 fin.: aliquid auribus alicujus, Trebon. ib. 12, 16:

Caere hospitio Vestalium cultisque diis,

Liv. 7, 20:

plus stomacho quam consilio,

Quint. 10, 1, 117 et saep.:

ut concessisti illum senatui, sic da hunc populo,

i. e. forgive him, for the sake of the people, Cic. Lig. 12, 37:

dabat et famae, ut, etc.,

Tac. A. 1, 7.—Hence,

Se alicui, to give one's self up wholly, to devote, dedicate one's self to a person or thing, to serve:

dedit se etiam regibus,

Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4; so Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 10; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 10; Poëta ap. Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; Nep. Att. 9; Tac. A. 1, 31:

mihi si large volantis ungula se det equi,

Stat. Silv, 2, 2, 38; 1, 1, 42; 5, 3, 71 al.; Aus. Mosel. 5, 448; cf. Ov. H. 16, 161:

se et hominibus Pythagoreis et studiis illis,

Cic. Rep. 1, 111:

se sermonibus vulgi,

id. ib. 6, 23:

se jucunditati,

id. Off. 1, 34 al.:

se populo ac coronae,

to present one's self, appear, id. Verr. 2, 3, 19; cf.:

se convivio,

Suet. Caes. 31 et saep.:

si se dant (judices) et sua sponte quo impellimus inclinant,

Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 187.—

Of discourse, to announce, tell, relate, communicate (like accipere, for to learn, to hear, v. accipio, II.; mostly ante-class. and poet.):

erili filio hanc fabricam dabo,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 132:

quam ob rem has partes didicerim, paucis dabo,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 10; cf. Verg. E. 1, 19:

imo etiam dabo, quo magis credas,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 37:

da mihi nunc, satisne probas?

Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 10:

Thessalici da bella ducis,

Val. Fl. 5, 219:

is datus erat locus colloquio,

appointed, Liv. 33, 13:

fixa canens... Saepe dedit sedem notas mutantibus urbes,

i. e. foretold, promised, Luc. 5, 107.—In pass., poet. i. q.: narratur, dicitur, fertur, etc., is said:

seu pius Aeneas eripuisse datur,

Ov. F. 6, 434; Stat. Th. 7, 315; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 337.—

Fabulam, to exhibit, produce a play (said of the author; cf.:

docere fabulam, agere fabulam),

Cic. Brut. 18 fin.; id. Tusc. 1, 1 fin.; Ter. Eun. prol. 9; 23; id. Heaut. prol. 33; id. Hec. prol. 1 Don.;

and transf.,

Cic. Clu. 31, 84; cf.

also: dare foras librum = edere,

Cic. Att. 13, 22, 3.—

Verba (alicui), to give [p. 605] empty words, i. e. to deceive, cheat, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 25; id. Ps. 4, 5, 7; id. Rud. 2, 2, 19; Ter. And. 1, 3, 6 Ruhnk.; Quadrig. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 24; Cic. Phil. 13, 16 fin.; id. Att. 15, 16 A.; Hor. S. 1, 3, 22; Pers. 4, 45; Mart. 2, 76 et saep.—

Alicui aliquid (laudi, crimini, vitio, etc.), to impute, assign, ascribe, attribute a thing to any one, as a merit, a crime, a fault, etc.:

nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso animum attendite,

Ter. And. prol. 8:

hoc vitio datur,

id. Ad. 3, 3, 64:

inopiā criminum summam laudem Sex. Roscio vitio et culpae dedisse,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 21, 71; 2, 17, 58; id. Div. in Caecil. 10; id. Brut. 80, 277 et saep.—

Alicui cenam, epulas, etc., to give one a dinner, entertain at table (freq.):

qui cenam parasitis dabit,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 2; 3, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 8; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 45; Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 2; id. Mur. 36, 75:

prandium dare,

id. ib. 32, 67; cf. Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 1; Tac. A. 2, 57 al.—

To grant, allow, in gen. (rare, but freq. as impers.; v. B. 2. supra):

dari sibi diem postulabat,

a respite, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 32.

- do, -dāre ( obsol., found only in the compounds, abdo, condo, abscondo, indo, etc.), 1, v. a. [Sanscr. root dhā-, da-dhāmi, set, put, place; Gr. the-, tithêmi; Ger. thun, thue, that; Eng. do, deed, etc.]. This root is distinct from 1. do, Sanscr. dā, in most of the Arian langg.; cf. Pott. Etym. Forsch. 2, 484; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 410;

but in Italy the two seem to have been confounded, at least in compounds,

Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 254 sq.; cf. Max Müller, Science of Lang. Ser. 2, p. 220, N. Y. ed.; Fick, Vergl. Wört. p. 100.

do, acc. of domus, v. domus init.

do, dĕdi, dătum, dăre (also in a longer form, dănunt = dant, Pac., Naev., and Caecil. ap. Non. 97, 14 sq.; Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 48; id. Ps. 3, 1, 1 et saep.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 12 Müll.— Subj.:

duim = dem,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 6; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 38:

duis,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 81; id. Men. 2, 1, 42:

duas = des,

id. Merc. 2, 3, 67; id. Rud. 5, 3, 12; an old formula in Liv. 10, 19:

duit,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 54; id. Aul. 1, 1, 23; an old formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

duint,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 126; id. Ps. 4, 1, 25; id. Trin. 2, 4, 35; Ter. And. 4, 1, 43; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 34 al.— Imper.: DVITOR, XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 21, 3, 5 ex conject.—Inf.: DASI = dari, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 13 Müll.:

dane = dasne,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 22.—The pres. pass., first pers., dor, does not occur), v. a. [Sanscr. dā, da-dā-mi, give; Gr. di-dô-mi, dôtêr, dosis; cf.: dos, donum, damnum], to give; and hence, with the greatest variety of application, passing over into the senses of its compounds, derivatives, and synonyms (edere, tradere, dedere; reddere, donare, largiri, concedere, exhibere, porrigere, praestare, impertire, suppeditare, ministrare, subministrare, praebere, tribuere, offerre, etc.), as, to give away, grant, concede, allow, permit; give up, yield, resign; bestow, present, confer, furnish, afford; offer, etc. (very freq.).

In gen.:

eam carnem victoribus danunt, Naev. ap. Non. l. l.: ea dona, quae illic Amphitruoni sunt data,

Plaut. Am. prol. 138; cf.:

patera, quae dono mi illic data'st,

id. ib. 1, 3, 36:

dandis recipiendisque meritis,

Cic. Lael. 8; cf.:

ut par sit ratio acceptorum et datorum,

id. ib. 16, 58: ut obsides accipere non dare consuerint, Caes. B. G. 1, 4 fin.:

obsides,

id. ib. 1, 19, 1;

1, 31, 7 et saep.: patriam (sc. mundum) dii nobis communem secum dederunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 13:

hominibus animus datus est ex illis sempiternis ignibus,

id. ib. 6, 15; cf. ib. 6, 17:

ea dant magistratus magis, quae etiamsi nolint, danda sint,

id. ib. 1, 31; cf.

imperia,

id. ib. 1, 44:

centuria, ad summum usum urbis fabris tignariis data,

id. ib. 2, 22:

Lycurgus agros locupletium plebi, ut servitio, colendos dedit,

id. ib. 3, 9 fin.:

ei filiam suam in matrimonium dat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 5:

litteras ad te numquam habui cui darem, quin dederim,

Cic. Fam. 12, 19: litteras (ad aliquem), to write to one, saep.; cf. id. Att. 5, 11;

and in the same signif.: aliquid ad aliquem,

id. ib. 10, 8 fin.:

litteras alicui, said of the writer,

to give one a letter to deliver, id. ib. 5, 15 fin.;

of the bearer, rarely,

to deliver a letter to one, id. ib. 5, 4 init.: colloquium dare, to join in a conference, converse ( poet.), Lucr. 4, 598 (Lachm.;

al. videmus): colloquiumque sua fretus ab urbe dedit,

parley, challenge, Prop. 5, 10, 32:

dare poenas,

to give satisfaction, to suffer punishment, Sall. C. 18:

alicui poenas dare,

to make atonement to any one; to suffer for any thing, Ov. M. 6, 544; Sall. C. 51, 31;

v. poena: decus sibi datum esse justitia regis existimabant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 41:

quoniam me quodammodo invitas et tui spem das,

id. ib. 1, 10:

dabant hae feriae tibi opportunam sane facultatem ad explicandas tuas litteras,

id. ib. 1, 9; cf.:

ansas alicui ad reprehendendum,

id. Lael. 16, 59:

multas causas suspicionum offensionumque,

id. ib. 24:

facultatem per provinciam itineris faciundi,

Caes. B. G. 1, 7, 5;

for which: iter alicui per provinciam,

id. ib. 1, 8, 3; Liv. 8, 5; 21, 20 al.:

modicam libertatem populo,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31:

consilium,

id. Lael. 13:

praecepta,

id. ib. 4 fin.:

tempus alicui, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 3:

inter se fidem et jusjurandum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3 fin.:

operam,

to bestow labor and pains on any thing, Cic. de Or. 1, 55:

operam virtuti,

id. Lael. 22, 84;

also: operam, ne,

id. ib. 21, 78:

veniam amicitiae,

id. ib. 17:

vela (ventis),

to set sail, id. de Or. 2, 44, 187:

dextra vela dare,

to steer towards the right, Ov. 3, 640:

me librum L. Cossinio ad te perferendum dedisse,

Cic. Att. 2, 1:

sin homo amens diripiendam urbem daturus est,

id. Fam. 14, 14 et saep.: ita dat se res, so it is circumstanced, so it is, Poëta ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 26; cf.:

prout tempus ac res se daret,

Liv. 28, 5 et saep.— Impers.: sic datur, so it goes, such is fate, i. e. you have your reward, Plaut. Truc. 4, 8, 4; id. Ps. 1, 2, 22; id. Men. 4, 2, 40; 64; id. Stich. 5, 6, 5.— Part. perf. sometimes (mostly in poets) subst.: dăta, ōrum, n., gifts, presents, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 72; Prop. 3, 15, 6 (4, 14, 6 M.); Ov. M. 6, 363 (but not in Cic. Clu. 24, 66, where dona data belong together, as in the archaic formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

DATVM DONVM DVIT, P. R. Q.).— Prov.: dantur opes nulli nunc nisi divitibus,

Mart. 5, 81, 2; cf.:

dat census honores,

Ov. F. 1, 217.—

Poet. with inf.:

da mihi frui perpetuā virginitate,

allow me, Ov. M. 1, 486; id. ib. 8, 350:

di tibi dent captā classem reducere Trojā,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 191; so id. ib. 1, 4, 39; id. Ep. 1, 16, 61; id. A. P. 323 et saep.—

With ne:

da, femina ne sim,

Ov. M. 12, 202.

In partic.

In milit. lang.

Nomina, to enroll one's self for military service, to enlist, Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 13; Liv. 2, 24; 5, 10; cf.

transf. beyond the military sphere,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 38.—

Manus (lit., as a prisoner of war, to stretch forth the hands to be fettered; cf. Cic. Lael. 26, 99;

hence),

to yield, surrender, Nep. Ham. 1, 4;

and more freq. transf. beyond the milit. sphere,

to yield, acquiesce, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 72; Cic. Lael. 26, 99; id. Att. 2, 22, 2; Caes. B. G. 5, 31, 3; Ov. H. 4, 14; id. F. 3, 688; Verg. A. 11, 568; Hor. Epod. 17, 1 al.—

Terga, for the usual vertere terga; v. tergum.—

To grant, consent, permit.

Esp. in jurid. lang.: DO, DICO, ADDICO, the words employed by the praetor in the execution of his office; viz. DO in the granting of judges, actions, exceptions, etc.; DICO in pronouncing sentence of judgment; ADDICO in adjudging the property in dispute to one or the other party; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 30 Müll.;

hence called tria verba,

Ov. F. 1, 47.—

Datur, it is permitted, allowed, granted; with subj. clause: quaesitis diu terris, ubi sistere detur, Ov. M. 1, 307:

interim tamen recedere sensim datur,

Quint. 11, 3, 127:

ex quo intellegi datur, etc.,

Lact. 5, 20, 11.—

In philos. lang., to grant a proposition:

in geometria prima si dederis, danda sunt omnia: dato hoc, dandum erit illud (followed by concede, etc.),

Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 25; id. Inv. 1, 31 fin. —

Designating the limit, to put, place, carry somewhere; and with se, to betake one's self somewhere:

tum genu ad terram dabo,

to throw, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 17; cf.:

aliquem ad terram,

Liv. 31, 37; Flor. 4, 2 fin.:

me haec deambulatio ad languorem dedit!

has fatigued me, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 3:

hanc mihi in manum dat,

id. And. 1, 5, 62:

praecipitem me in pistrinum dabit,

id. ib. 1, 3, 9:

hostes in fugam,

Caes. B. G. 5, 51 fin.:

hostem in conspectum,

to bring to view, Liv. 3, 69 fin.:

aliquem in vincula,

to cast into prison, Flor. 3, 10, 18; cf.:

arma in profluentes,

id. 4, 12, 9:

aliquem usque Sicanium fretum,

Val. Fl. 2, 28:

aliquem leto,

to put to death, to kill, Phaedr. 1, 22, 9:

se in viam,

to set out on a journey, Cic. Fam. 14, 12:

sese in fugam,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 43 fin.; cf.:

se fugae,

id. Att. 7, 23, 2:

Socrates, quam se cumque in partem dedisset, omnium fuit facile princeps,

id. de Or. 3, 16, 60 et saep.—